A Comparison of Fish Ponds in the Lailan, Daqoq, Yayji, and Sarkaran Areas in Terms of Temperature and Ph

Abstract

Food security and increased fish production are critical issues for many countries, including Iraq, where many rely on fish as a primary source of protein and nutrition. To achieve this goal efficiently and sustainably, it is essential to understand and monitor the environmental factors that affect the success of fish farming. This study analyzed water temperature and pH levels in several fish ponds in the Lailan, Daqoq, Yayji, and Sarkaran regions of Iraq. Monthly and spatial variations in these environmental factors were studied over several months in the year, allowing an understanding of their impact on the aquatic environment and fish health. The results showed monthly and spatial variations in water temperature and pH levels among the studied regions. These results were compared with international standards for fish water quality, and it was concluded that most of the ponds met these standards, suggesting the potential for improving fish farming practices and increasing production. Furthermore, the study highlighted the importance of achieving a balance in water temperature and pH levels to maintain fish health and enhance the success of farming operations. These findings can contribute to agricultural sustainability, provide food resources for local communities, and achieve food security in the region. Understanding the relationship between water temperature and pH levels and fish health and productivity is a crucial step towards enhancing the fish farming sector in Iraq and meeting the increasing food needs of the population [1].