Technological innovations in mental health: enhancing access and affordability for improved well-being

Abstract

Background: Access to mental health care is constrained globally by high costs, limited availability, and persistent stigma, prompting growing interest in technology-driven solutions to improve accessibility and affordability. Objective: To review the role of telehealth platforms, mobile applications, and artificial intelligence in improving access to, engagement with, and personalization of mental health care, and to examine associated ethical considerations. Methods: Comprehensive review of existing literature, case studies, and relevant datasets on technology-based mental health interventions, evaluating telehealth platforms, mobile applications, and AI-driven interventions alongside ethical considerations related to privacy, confidentiality, and equitable access. Results: Telehealth platforms, mobile applications, and AI-based tools reduced geographical barriers, increased user engagement, and enabled more personalized treatment. However, challenges around privacy, data confidentiality, digital literacy, and equitable access to technology persisted across intervention types, with cross-cutting affordability and accessibility gaps. Conclusion: Technological innovations show a promising trajectory toward more accessible, affordable, and inclusive mental health care, but require careful attention to ethical safeguards and equity. Findings can guide policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in optimizing future implementation.