Estimation of lcat and some oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic patients in kirkuk, iraq

Abstract

Background: Oxidative stress is a key pathophysiological factor in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is caused by the lack of balance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability to neutralize them. The association between lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and antioxidant parameters in T2DM has not been studied in Kirkuk City, Iraq.

Objective: To assess the LCAT activity and major oxidative stress biomarkers in T2DM patients versus healthy controls, in a stratified manner, according to the glycemic control status. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 184 participants (128 T2DM patients, 56 healthy controls) aged 40-80 years was done in Kirkuk City, Iraq. T2DM patients were divided into two groups based on the level of HbA1c: poorly controlled (G1; HbA1c >7%; n=70) and well-controlled (G2; HbA1c <7%; n=58) and healthy controls (G3; n=56). Biochemical parameters were the LCAT, paraoxonase-1 (PON1), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA) and melatonin.

Results: PON1, LCAT and NO were all significantly lower in both diabetic groups (G1 and G2) as compared to controls (G3) (P=0.01). There was also a significant decrease in GPx and melatonin levels in T2DM patients compared to controls (P=0.02 and P=0.03, respectively). On the contrary, the level of MDA was highly increased in both diabetic groups as compared to controls (P=0.011).

Conclusion: The antioxidant defense in T2DM patients is significantly impaired with a decrease in LCAT, PON1 and NO, GPx and melatonin and an increase in oxidative stress marker MDA. These results indicate the usefulness of LCAT as a possible indicator of oxidative stress in the management of T2DM.