SHABAN, A. A.; ALMUFTI, S. M.; RAJAB ASAAD, R.; ISMAEL ALI, R. Metaheuristic algorithms for complex optimization: a critical review of foundations, hybrid strategies, and surrogate modeling. International Journal of Information Technology & Computer Engineering , [S. l.], v. 5, n. 2, p. 28–46, 2025. DOI: 10.55529/ijitc.52.28.46. Disponível em: https://hmjournals.com/ijaap/index.php/IJITC/article/view/5883. Acesso em: 26 mar. 2026.